Rediscovering Vermouth: A Tale of Aromatics and Appetites

Vermouth, a fortified wine flavored with various botanicals, has a rich history that spans continents and centuries. Originating in the 18th century in Turin, Italy, vermouth was initially intended as a medicinal tonic. The inventor, Antonio Benedetto Carpano, is credited with creating the first sweet vermouth in 1786, a drink that quickly became favored by the royal court of Turin due to its unique taste and presumed health benefits.

Carpano’s invention was inspired by German wormwood-based wines, which were known for their digestive properties. He infused a blend of herbs and spices into a base of white wine, with wormwood being a primary ingredient, as suggested by the name “vermouth,” derived from the German word for wormwood, “Wermut.” The aromatic concoction was not only believed to aid digestion but also became a popular apéritif, paving the way for the beverage’s evolution into a staple ingredient in cocktails.

As vermouth spread beyond Italy, two distinct styles emerged: sweet red vermouth from Italy and dry white vermouth from France. Each type offered a different profile, suited to different palates and cocktails. The French version became integral to the creation of the classic Martini, while the Italian style found its place in the Manhattan, among other recipes.

The 19th and early 20th centuries saw vermouth’s peak in popularity, especially in the United States and France, where it was embraced not only as a cocktail ingredient but as a cultural icon of sophistication and leisure. However, post-World War II, its popularity waned, overshadowed by spirits that were seen as more modern or fashionable.

It wasn’t until the craft cocktail revival of the early 21st century that vermouth regained its status. Modern mixologists, appreciating its complexity and versatility, began to explore and promote the older, more traditional recipes and even craft new varieties. This resurgence has also sparked interest in artisanal production, with small-batch producers experimenting with local botanicals to create unique, regionally inspired vermouths.

Today, vermouth is celebrated not only for its role in beloved cocktails like the Negroni or Martini but also for its own nuanced, standalone qualities. From trendy bars in major cities to small bistros in quaint towns, vermouth has reclaimed its place as a beloved aromatic staple in the pantheon of fine drinking.

For those looking to explore the rich traditions of vermouth further or to refine their bartending skills, consider using resources like the Bartender School app. As the largest bartender school in the United States, it provides extensive knowledge and practical tips, used by thousands of students and hundreds of bars worldwide to master the art of mixology.